More than 10 years ago, the electrical installation sector had about 12,000 companies operating in Spain.
It is well known that, in the industrial sector, the electrical installations must be adequate for the company’s work process to run smoothly. The machinery used in these spaces consumes a large amount of electrical resources.
For this reason, it is necessary to carry out large-scale electrical inspections to ensure that all systems are working perfectly.
But who carries out these inspections, what do they consist of, on what types of electrical installations are they carried out?
What are electrical installations?
An industrial electrical installation is defined as “a set of electrical circuits that conduct and distribute electrical current from a point of origin (the electrical service) to its output”.
Industrial electrical installations are characterized by the set of equipment, conductors and electrical systems that unify the electrical circuits necessary for the control, transfer and distribution of electrical energy in the industrial sector.
To carry out a correct design and sizing of an industrial electrical installation, the qualified professional must take into account a series of data such as: power to be contracted, details of the infrastructure and technical characteristics of the different work equipment. These data are provided through drawings or tables.
1 Types of electrical installations
The Ministry of Industry, Energy and Tourism is the main body in charge of regulating the regulations related to industrial safety in the corresponding electrical installations. Among these standards, we can highlight the regulation of high and low voltage installations.
But what do we mean by high and low voltage?
Well, these are two types of industrial electrical installations. Although there are several models of industrial electrical installations, they all have one thing in common: their main objective is to transfer the electrical energy to the different elements that consume it, starting from some receiving elements.
The following are the different types of industrial electrical installations:
Industrial electrical installations by voltage
High and medium voltage electrical installations.
This type of installation is perfect for transferring electrical energy over long distances. It is a type of installation with a voltage higher than 1,000 volts, if the current is alternating, and 1,500 volts, if it is direct current.
Low voltage electrical installations.
It is characterized by being a very common type of installation in homes, businesses and institutions. The low voltage installations have a power of less than 1,000 volts, but higher than 24 volts.Very low voltage electrical installations.
They are not very common, since they only have a maximum power of 24 volts. They are mainly used in household appliances or electronic devices.
Industrial electrical installations according to their use
Generating electrical installations.
This type of electrical installation is responsible for composing energy by means of other types of energy.
Electrical transformer installations.
The so-called transformers receive the electrical energy and transform its voltage by reducing or increasing it, either by the use to be given or by the type of transport.
Receiving electrical installations.
Receiving electrical installations transform energy into other types of energy.
Electrical transport installations.
Transmission facilities are made up of various types of installations, the purpose of which is to transport the power line.
2What electrical installations are used for
As mentioned above, in the industrial sector it is important to have electrical installations in good condition to allow the proper operation of electrical systems normally.
To carry out a design of the structure and the necessary elements, it is necessary to carry out a previous study in any electrical installation.
This study will include the necessary technical conditions and the relevant safety measures.
In turn, any industrial electrical installation must be carried out in accordance with the provisions of the Regulation issued by the Ministry of Industry, Energy and Tourism in 2014.
Within an industrial company, electrical installations are responsible for powering the different uses in offices, workplaces, industrial systems or commercial premises.
In contrast to electrical installations for domestic use, in industrial installations there are high consumption appliances or machines that have a three-phase operation (a system of consumption, distribution and production of electrical energy consisting of three single-phase alternating currents of equal frequency and amplitude) that requires a different dimensioning.
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